Muḥarram is the first month of the Islamic calendar. The general meaning of the adjective 'haiiharram means "banned, barred, forbidden, illegal, illicit, impermissible, prohibited, unlawful, unauthorized, unpermitted". It is one of the four sacred months of the year during when warfare is forbidden ~ (Source - Wikipedia)
The first station on the train of the Islamic calendar stands as Muharram. It marks the dire memories of the Battle of Karbala fought between the army of the second Umayyad caliph Yazid I and a tiny army led by Hussein ibn Ali, the grandson of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad S.A.W, at Karbala, Iraq. The Tenth day of Muharram is known as the Day of Ashura. Sometimes, as part of the Mourning of Muharram, Shia Muslims practice partial fasting, and Sunni Muslims practice fasting on Ashura. Muslims mourn the martyrdom of Ḥussein ibn Ali and his family, honoring the martyrs by prayer and celibacy from joyous events.
The Battle of Karbala was fought because Hussein ibn Ali refused to support the regime of Yazid and thus began the tyranny of Yazid against Hussein. While in Karbala, Hussain with his family 72 companions were surrounded by Yazid’s forces of up to 30,000 men. Despite being hugely outnumbered and with restricted access to water, Hussain declined to give up. Yazid gave Hussein a final choice. To either support the regime or be killed. After receiving the ultimatum from Yazid, Hussein advised his companions to escape and save their lives but his men stayed loyal to him and stayed true to their beliefs. Soon, Yazid ordered his army to kill Hussein and his companions. Though the forces of Yazid vowed him he could leave freely if he chooses to support Yazid, but every time Hussein declined and was eventually killed, holding firmly to his beliefs.
Hussein ibn Ali and his companions attained martyrdom and submitted their legacy. During Muharram, both (Sunni and Shia) factions of Islam usually observe a fast on this day. Sunni Muslims observe a fast for an additional day, either before or after Muharram. It’s believed that this extra day of fasting is observed in accordance with the teachings of Muhammad Prophet S.A.W and in remembrance of the Battle of Karbala.
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